Achtergrondinformatie

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Background information Venray War Cemetery

“Served together, died together, buried together”  Al tijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog werd door de Britse autoriteiten bepaald dat de stoffelijke resten van de gesneuvelden niet mochten worden gerepatrieerd. Toen de Imperial War Graves Commission, de voorganger van de huidige Commonwealth War Graves Commission, in 1917 werd opgericht, erfde deze dit verbod. Het verbod paste echter wel bij een belangrijk uitgangspunt van de Imperial War Graves Commission namelijk de gelijkheid van behandeling. Het toestaan van repatriëring zou een ongelijkheid veroorzaken tussen de gevallenen uit families die zich de kosten van het repatriëren zouden kunnen veroorloven en degenen van wie de families dat niet konden. De “rijken” zouden naar huis gaan, de “armen” zouden achterblijven als een soort “tweederangs” graven. Het verbod op repatriëring kende wel een aantal uitzonderingen. Zo was het alleen van toepassing op onderdanen van de Britse Gemenebest. Militairen met een andere nationaliteit die in dienst waren van het Britse Gemenebest mochten wel worden gerepatrieerd. Dat neemt niet weg dat het verbod destijds op veel weerstand kon rekenen bij het Britse publiek. De Imperial War Graves Commission vond de militairen echter aan hun zijde. Die spraken hun voorkeur uit om begraven te worden naast hun kameraden onder het motto: “served together, died together, buried together”. Het verbod op repatriëring bleef van kracht tot in de jaren tachtig van de vorige eeuw. Sindsdien kunnen de nabestaanden wel kiezen voor repatriëring. Bron: CWGC Plot numbers, graves and tombstones Op de begraafplaats rusten 693 mannen. Dit is het officiële aantal. In de loop der jaren heeft namelijk ook een aantal asverstrooiingen plaatsgevonden. Desondanks telt de begraafplaats maar 683 grafstenen. Dat komt omdat op een tiental grafstenen de namen van twee militairen worden vermeld. Plotnummers V.A.10-11 hebben vier stenen met daarop acht namen. Plotnummers V.C.5-8: zes stenen met twee namen. De begraafplaats is verdeeld in acht vakken: I t/m VIII. De oneven vakken bevinden zich aan de linkerkant; de even vakken aan de rechterkant. De vakken I t/m IV tellen elk 6 rijen (A t/m F) met  ieder 13 plotnummers. De vakken V t/m VII hebben 7 rijen (A t/m G) met 13 plotnummers. Het totaal aantal plotnummers bedraagt dus 676. Hoe verhoudt zich dit aantal tot de 683 grafstenen? Dit komt allereerst omdat de begraafplaats twee plotnummers heeft (IV.C.10 en VII.C.4) waar niemand is begraven. Hier ontbreekt ook een grafsteen. Het gaat dus om 674 graven en 683 grafstenen. Het verschil van 9 wordt daardoor verklaard dat bij een aantal graven (plotnummers) meer dan één grafsteen staat. Op  de plotnummers VII-D.9-10, V.A.10.11 en VII.B.1-2 staan vier stenen bij twee  graven/plotnummers. Bij V.C.5-8 staan 7 stenen bij 4 plotnummers. Deze graven zijn op de begraafplaats goed te zien omdat daar de grafstenen dichter bij elkaar staan. Dit worden ook wel de   “collective” of “joint” graves[1] mentioned. So for 10 graves there are 19 gravestones and that explains the difference of 674 graves versus 683 gravestones. Location of field graves Below is an overview of the locations from which the soldiers were transferred to Venray War Cemetery. This does not always mean that the soldiers died at those locations.
Margraten 165
Venray 131
Maasbree 68
Helden 43
Meerlo 29
Ysselsteyn 25
Sevenum 21
Leunen 18
Heibloem 16
Heythuysen 16
Oostrum 16
Veulen 15
Düren (D) 14
Melderslo 11
Heide 9
Merselo 8
Overloon 8
Neerkant 7
Roggel 7
Wanssum 7
Lottum 6
Horst 5
Kessel 5
Deurne 4
Broekhuizen 3
Broekhuizenvorst 3
Meijel 3
Nunhem 3
Roermond 3
Grubbenvorst 2
Baarlo 2
Neer 2
St. Oedenrode 2
Tienray 2
Afferden 1
Baexem 1
Blitterswijck 1
Brumholt 1
Grubbenvorst 1
Haelen 1
Helenaveen 1
America 1
Griendtsveen 1
Meterik 1
Maasniel 1
Nederweert 1
Sittard 1
St. Odilienberg 1
693
The soldiers who were transferred from Margraten were recovered by the American Graves Service and initially buried at the American cemetery there. In most cases their field graves were in Germany. Afterwards they were transferred to Venray by the British 55 Graves Concentration Unit.   Transmissions Venray War Cemetery heeft twee plotnummers (IV.C.10 en VII.C.4) die geen grafsteen hebben. Op deze plekken is ook niemand begraven. Dat was echter niet altijd het geval. Op onderstaande foto zijn de ontbrekende grafstenen duidelijk te zien. [1] In a joint grave, two soldiers share one grave; in a collective grave, three or more soldiers share one grave.

Source: GWGC War Cemetery Adoption Graves Foundation

IV.C.10

On August 9, 1949, the remains of Lieutenant Jacques Denis Alexandre Lemoine were

reburied in plot number IV.C.10. Jacques Lemoine was born on 22 September 1914 and served in the 2nd Bn South Wales Borderers. He was killed in action on 23 November 1944. His field grave was located on the Korte Heide in Maasbree. The remains of Jacques Lemoine were exhumed on 16 August 1949 and transferred a few days later to the French War Cemetery in Kapelle. Because Lemoine was a French national, the ban on repatriation did not apply to him. Since then, plot number IV.C.10 has been “vacant”.

VII.C.4

In plot VII.C.4 the remains of an unknown pilot of the Royal Air Force were buried on 22 November 1946. He was later identified as Flying Officer Henri Huynen. Henri Huynen was a pilot in the service of the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve and had the Belgian nationality. On 22 March 1945 his Mosquito was shot down near Cologne. Huynen (navigator) and his pilot Flight Lieutenant Walter Henri were killed. The remains of Henri Huynen were transferred to the “Brussels Town Cemetery Belgian Airmen’s Field of Honour” on 20 June 1950. He rests there next to Walter Henri. Since then plot number VII.C.4. has also been “vacant”. In the cemetery it can still be seen that a gravestone is missing in rows IV.C. and VII.C. However, there have also been transfers that are no longer visible.   

VII.G.2.

On 1 April 1947, the remains of an unknown member of the Royal Air Force (designated X1288) are transferred from the American cemetery in Margraten to Venray. He is buried in VII.G.2. In May 1947, the exact date is not legible on the Grave Concentration Report, the unknown is “extracted to (illegible)”. According to a Graves Registration Report Form dated 27 January 1954, grave VII.G.2. is “vacant”.

In 2003, the remains of Warant Officer Evan Tom Davies were found in Broekhuizen.

He was reburied on 9 June 2004 in plot VII.G.2. Evan Davies is the last serviceman to be buried at Venray War Cemetery to date.

VII.D.12. and VII.D.13

On 25 March 1947, the remains of Pilot Officer Andrew Patrick Gilmour and Flight Lieutenant Robert Charles Platt were buried from the American cemetery in Margraten in plot numbers VII.D.12 and VII.D.13 respectively. Just over a month later, on 1 May 1947, they were reburied at the Overloon War Cemetery. There they were reunited with four other members of their crew who were also transferred from Margraten to Overloon on 1 May 1947. That same day, the remains of Walter Green and Patrick McGee were reburied from Margraten in the vacant graves VII.D.12 and V.D.13.

From IV.B.11 to VI.G.8.

Lance Corporal Albert Martin Baker is reburied on 6 September 1946 on plot number IV.B.11. His field grave was located in Oostrum. On 24 September 1946 his grave is moved from plot number IV.B.11. to plot number VI.G.8. The reasons for this are unknown. A little over a week later the remains of an unknown soldier are buried on plot number IV.B.11.

Closure

At present, 693 men rest at Venray War Cemetery. However, on 2 May 1947, this number was 695. On that date, the graves of Henri Huynen, Jacques Lemoine and the unknown in VII.G.2. were still in the cemetery, but Evan Davies had not yet been reburied here. 

Other statistics

 

Military and civilians

Military

692

Citizens

1

693

Source: CWGC

The citizen is William Rippon (VIIIE.6). He was a war correspondent for the Peterborough Citizen & Advertiser. William Rippon died in a car accident near Venlo.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Country of service

Verenigd Koninkrijk

661

Canada

22

Nieuw Zeeland

5

Australië

4

Polen

1

693

Source: CWGC

In most cases, the soldiers also had the nationality of the country where they were serving and lived there. But there were exceptions. 

Flying Officer Geoffrey Winslow (VII.F.6) lived in Canada, served in the Royal Canadian Air Force but had American nationality. Robert Stapley (VII.C.3) and Joseph Meilleur (III.D.4) had Canadian nationality but served in British units (respectively the Rifle Brigade and the King’s Own Scottish Borderers).

Flying Officer Louis Piché (I.E.13) was a Canadian national, also served in the Royal Canadian Air Force, but lived in the United States.

The nationality of the thirty unknown soldiers is not known at all.

Age structure

The ages of 660 men are known.  

Age

Number

17

1

18

39

19

48

20

48

21

65

≤25

369

≤30

543

≤35

635

≤40

655

41

1

42

3

57

1

Source: CWGC/Foundation Adoption Graves CWGC Venray War Cemetery

The youngest serviceman is George Laurie (VIII.D.5); the oldest is William Rippon (VII.F.6). The average age is 25 years and 5 months.

Military units

It is known to which military unit 678 men belonged. In total, this concerns 74 different units

Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve

85

Royal Artillery

41

Royal Ulster Rifles

39

King’s Shropshire Light Infantry

38

Royal Armoured Corps

35

Royal Engineers

30

King’s Own Scottish Borderers

21

Royal Canadian Air Force

20

Suffolk Regiment

20

South Lancashire Regiment

18

Royal Air Force

18

Gordon Highlanders

17

Monmouthshire Regiment

17

Royal Scots

17

Seaforth Highlanders

17

Royal Warwickshire Regiment

17

Royal Corps of Signals

12

Royal Norfolk Regiment

11

Black Watch (Royal Highlanders)

10

East Yorkshire Regiment

10

Lincolnshire Regiment

10

Rifle Brigade

10

Royal Army Service Corps

10

The Parachute Regiment, A.A.C.

9

Pioneer Corps

8

King’s Own Yorkshire Light Infantry

7

Royal Tank Regiment, R.A.C.

7

South Wales Borderers

7

Dorsetshire Regiment

6

Oxford and Bucks Light Infantry

6

Reconnaissance Corps, R.A.C.

6

Royal Scots Fusiliers

6

Essex Regiment

5

Gloucestershire Regiment

5

Highland Light Infantry (City of Glasgow Regiment)

5

York and Lancaster Regiment

5

Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders

4

Cameronians (Scottish Rifles)

4

Coldstream Guards

4

Middlesex Regiment

4

Royal Australian Air Force

4

Royal New Zealand Air Force

4

Scots Guards

4

Duke of Cornwall’s Light Infantry

4

Cheshire Regiment

2

Corps of Military Police

2

Durham Light Infantry

2

Green Howards (Yorkshire Regiment)

2

King’s Royal Rifle Corps

2

Northamptonshire Regiment

2

Royal Berkshire Regiment

2

Royal Fusiliers (City of London Regiment)

2

Royal Marines

2

Royal Welch Fusiliers

2

Welsh Guards

2

1st Canadian Parachute Battalion, R.C.I.C.

1

Duke of Wellington’s (West Riding Regiment)

1

General List

1

Irish Guards

1

Manchester Regiment

1

New Zealand Machine Gun Battalion

1

Polish Air Force

1

Royal Air Force (Auxiliary Air Force)

1

Royal Army Medical Corps

1

Royal Canadian Infantry Corps

1

Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers

1

Royal Horse Artillery

1

Royal Irish Fusiliers

1

Royal Northumberland Fusiliers

1

Sherwood Foresters (Notts and Derby Regiment)

1

The Glider Pilot Regiment, A.A.C.

1

The Queen’s Royal Regiment (West Surrey)

1

War Correspondent

1

Welch Regiment

1

 

678

Source: CWGC

Ranks

The rank of 665 men is known.

Private

216

Serjeant

72

Lance Corporal

52

Corporal

46

Rifleman

40

Trooper

27

Flight Sergeant

24

Flying Officer

23

Gunner

21

Lieutenant

21

Sapper

17

Captain

13

Driver

11

Pilot Officer

11

Flight Lieutenant

9

Lance Serjeant

9

Fusilier

8

Bombardier

7

Guardsman

7

Warrant Officer

7

Lance Bombardier

3

Major

3

Signalman

3

Warrant Officer Class II

3

Second Lieutenant

2

Company Quartermaster Serjeant

1

Craftsman

1

Kapral

1

Leading Aircraftman

1

Lieutenant Colonel

1

Marine

1

Piper

1

Reporter

1

Squadron Leader

1

Staff Serjeant

1

 

665

  Source: CWGC